Impact of Socioeconomic Status
Socioeconomic status (SES) significantly impacts educational outcomes. The OECD's Economic, Social, and Cultural Index (ESCS) provides a comprehensive measure of SES, considering factors like parents' education levels and home resources. Ripley highlights that American students in the top quartile of the SES index ranked eighteenth in math in 2009, revealing the disparity in educational achievement based on socioeconomic factors. She notes, 'Students’ answers to these kinds of questions tend to be surprisingly accurate—and the results can better predict educational success than income alone.' This insight underscores the need to address SES-related disparities in education.